Significance of the high charge state of projectile ions inside the target and its role in electron capture leading to target-ionization phenomena

The K x-ray spectra of different targets (Cu, Zn, and Ge) induced by 3 to 5 MeV/u Si projectile ions have been measured determine the K-shell ionization cross-section. A significant difference is observed between measurements theoretical estimates, with latter being about 50% below experimental results. This underestimation} attributed charge-exchange from target K- L-shells. Such observation can only be possible if attain up H- He-like charge states. Corresponding state fractions evaluated Lorentzian distribution, where mean taken Fermi gas model [Phys. Rev. Lett. 30, 358 (1973)] width Novikov Teplova approach A378, 1286-1289 (2014)]. sum direct cross-section K-K + K-L capture cross-sections gives a good agreement cross-sections. Furthermore, we validated this methodology available data for Si-ion on Ti target. results may useful in many solid based applications.